The Transformation of Security and Armed Forces in the Era of Globalization: Technological, Economic and Strategic Challenges Facing Small States
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18690/analipazuhd.11.1-2.47-77.2025Keywords:
globalization, economics security, transformation of armed forces, technological development, Slovenian Armed ForcesAbstract
The article examines the impact of globalisation, technological development, and economic processes on contemporary security and the transformation of armed forces, with particular emphasis on small states and the Slovenian Armed Forces. Globalisation has created a new security environment characterised by predominantly transnational, hybrid, and non-military threats, which reduces the relevance of classical military logic and strengthens the importance of comprehensive security approaches. Technological progress provides advanced capabilities but simultaneously increases cyber, informational, and supply-chain vulnerabilities. Economic interdependence further shapes the security landscape, as fiscal constraints and the volatility of global markets directly influence the development, sustainability, and modernisation of defence systems. The transformation of armed forces is driven by doctrinal, organisational, and technological innovations that encourage a shift from mass conscript armies to small professional forces, modular structures, interoperability, and closer partnerships with industry. For small states, key elements include specialisation, strategic niche positioning, resilience, and clear integration within coalition and alliance frameworks. An analysis of Slovenian strategic and normative documents shows that the Slovenian Armed Forces are positioned as the central defence pillar of national security, yet they face challenges related to modernisation, personnel stability, technological lag, and inconsistencies between ambitions and available resources. The article proposes development guidelines that combine technological modernisation, personnel stabilisation, greater economic sustainability, and enhanced resilience of the entire defence system.
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