Vzpostavitev etažne lastnine na podlagi sodne odločbe

Abstract

Establishment of apartment ownership on the basis of a judicial decision. The author deals with two ways for establishing of apartment ownership on the basis of a judicial decision in non-contentious civil proceedings. The first is regulated in the Property Code and the Non-Contentious Civil Procedure Act. It is open for individual co-owners of immovable property in cases, where no consent about the transformation of co-ownership to apartment ownership between the (registered) co-owners can be reached. The second procedure has been introduced by the Act on the establishment of apartment ownership upon request of an acquirer of an individual part of a building and on determination of the lot that pertains to a building (ZVEtL). It may be used by individual acquirers (mainly buyers) in order to attain the establishment of apartment ownership on the whole building and as a consequence, to be registered as the owner of the individual part in the Land Register. This possibility is to be used when the inactivity of the registered co- owners makes the establishment of apartment ownership in conformity with the regular procedure impossible. The ZVEtL regulation raises certain doubts, however. Two important drawbacks are the limited active legitimation and the fact that the applicant has to pay deposit for the cost of the procedure, which in a large apartment building may be relatively high.

Povzetek. Avtor obravnava dva postopka za vzpostavitev etažne lastnine na podlagi sodne odločbe v nepravdnem postopku. Redna pot je določena v Stvarnopravnem zakoniku in Zakonu o nepravdnem postopku in je namenjena posameznim solastnikom nepremičnine, če ne morejo doseči soglasja glede preoblikovanja solastnine v etažno lastnino. Druga, ki jo določa Zakon o vzpostavitvi etažne lastnine na predlog pridobitelja posameznega dela stavbe in o določanju pripadajočega zemljišča, pa posameznim pridobiteljem omogoča, da prek poenostavljenega postopka dosežejo vzpostavitev etažne lastnine na celotni stavbi in se posledično lahko vpišejo v zemljiško knjigo kot lastniki posameznega dela. Ta pot se uporablja takrat, ko zaradi neaktivnosti zemljiškoknjižnih solastnikov ni mogoče vzpostaviti etažne lastnine po redni poti. Ureditev v ZVEtL, pa poraja tudi določena vprašanja. Zlasti sta problematična aktivna legitimacijain dejstvo, da mora predlagatelj ob pričetku postopka plačati predujem stroškov, ki je v stanovanjskih blokih lahko zelo visok, kar ga pogosto odvrne od vložitve predloga.