Natural Person and Legal Entity as a Guarantor in the Croatian Criminal Law
Keywords:
omission, guarantor, natural person, legal entity, culpability
Abstract
The paper analyzes the specificity of unreal criminal offenses of omission, which is manifested in the fact that those criminal offenses are committed by the guarantor. Given the specificity and rarity of punishable conduct of omission, the paper analyzes the legal position of the guarantor (as a natural person or legal entity) whose duty is to protect certain, but not all, legal goods. In addition to the fact that responsibility for omission is exceptional, the statuses that individuals have in society are explained through the prism of the grounds of the guarantor duty in Croatian but also from the aspect of different legal systems. The concept of the legal bases of the guarantor's responsibility, which represent the sources of unlawfulness and culpability in the guarantor's duty, is elaborated in detail, with a special emphasis on the guarantor's actions in mistake.
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References
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Prosser, W. L. (1971) Handbook of the Law of Torts, West Publishing Co.
Androulakis, N. K. (1963) Studien zur Problematik der unechten Unterlassungsdelikte, Munchen Berlin Beck.
Derenčinović, D. and Novosel, D. (2012) Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih osoba za kaznena djela – prolazne dječje bolesti ili (ne)rješiva kvadratura kruga, Hrvatski ljetopis za kazneno pravo i praksu, 19(2), p. 585-613.
Dunbar, J. R. (2012) Criminal liability for omissions in Scots law, University of Glasgow.
Fletcher, G. P. (1994) On the Moral Irrelevance of Bodily Movements, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 142(1), p. 1443-1453.
Horvatić, Ž., Derenčinović, D. and Cvitanović, L. (2017) Kazneno pravo Opći dio II, Pravni fakultet Zagreb.
Hughes, G. (1958) Criminal Omissions, The Yale Law Journal, 67(4), p. 590-637.
Ingle, J. (2016) Aiding and abetting by omission before the international criminal tribunals, Journal of International Criminal Justice, 14(4), p. 747-769.
Josipović, I., Krapac, D. and Novoselec, P. (2001) Stalni međunarodni kazneni sud, Narodne novine Zagreb.
Kurtović Mišić, A. and Krstulović Dragičević, A. (2014) Kazneno pravo, Pravni fakultet Split.
Leavens, A. (1988) A Causation Approach to Criminal Omissions, California Law Review, 76(3), p. 547-591.
McCutcheon, J. P. (1993) Omissions and criminal liability, New Series, 28/30(1), p. 56-78.
Mead, G. (1991) Contracting into Crime: A Theory of Criminal Omissions, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 11(2), p. 147-173.
Mrčela, M. and Vuletić, I. (2012) Komentar kaznenog zakona Opći dio, Libertin.
Mrčela, M. and Vuletić, I. (2018) Kazneno pravo pred izazovima robotike: tko je odgovoran za prometnu nesreću koju je prouzročilo neovisno vozilo?, Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, 68(3-4), p. 465-491.
Novoselec, P. (2016) Opći dio kaznenog prava, Pravni fakultet Osijek.
Novoselec, P. (1994) Sudska praksa, Hrvatski ljetopis za kazneno pravo i praksu, 1(1), p. 341-349
Novoselec, P. (2003) Sudska praksa, Hrvatski ljetopis za kazneno pravo i praksu, 21(2), p. 965-972.
Palmer, P. (1999) Attempt by Act or Omission: Causation and the Problem of the Hypothetical Nurse, Journal od Criminal Law, 63(2), p. 158-170.
Radman, B. (2012) Načini počinjenja kaznenog djela s posebnim osvrtom na nečinjenje, Hrvatska pravna revija.
Robinson, P. H. (1984) Criminal Liability for Omissions: A Brief Summary and Critique of the Law in the US, New York Law School Law Review, 21(1), p. 101-125.
Rosenberg, R. M. (2013) Two models of „absence of movement“ in Criminal jurisprudence, avaiable at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2326949
Roxin, C. (2003) Allgemeiner Teil - Band II, C.H.Beck.
Schmidt, R. (2008) Strafrecht - Allgemeiner Teil, Dr. Rolf Schmidt GmbH.
Summers, S. (2015) EU Criminal Law and the Regulation of Information and Communication Technology, Bergen Journal of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 4(1), p. 48-60. DOI:10.15845/bjclcj.v3i1.827
Vuletić, I. (2023) Corporate Criminal Liability: An Overview of the Croatian Model after 20 Years of Practice, MDPI Laws, 12(2), p. 1-11.
Vuletić, I. and Petrašević, T. (2020) Is it Time to Consider EU Criminal Law Rules on Robotics?, Croatian Yearbook of European Law & Policy, 16(1), p. 225-244.
Wessels, J. and Beulke, W. (2000) Strafrecht - Allgemeiner Teil, Müller Heidelberg.
Prosser, W. L. (1971) Handbook of the Law of Torts, West Publishing Co.
Published
2024-06-27
How to Cite
Vukušić I. (2024). Natural Person and Legal Entity as a Guarantor in the Croatian Criminal Law. LeXonomica, 16(1), 45-66. https://doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.16.1.45-66.2024
Section
Articles