The German Enforceable Notarial Act in Cross-Border Cases
Keywords:
enforcement, notarial act, enforcement order, clause, service, enforcement certificate, application for enforcement, exequatur procedure
Abstract
The subject of this article is to explain and discuss the legal framework for German enforceable notarial acts in cross-border traffic. The first part will illustrate the prerequisites for the enforcement of a notarial act in Germany, especially in circumstances when the creditor or debtor lives abroad. The second section is dedicated to the enforcement of German enforceable notarial acts abroad. After presenting the principles of international law, the main legislative acts regarding enforcement in the European and international framework will be analysed in detail.
Povzetek. Predmet tega članka je razlaga in obravnava pravnega okvira za nemške izvršljive notarske listine v čezmejnem prometu. V prvem delu bodo prikazane predpostavke za izvršitev notarske listine v Nemčiji, zlasti v okoliščinah, ko upnik ali dolžnik živi v tujini. Drugi del je namenjen izvrševanju nemških izvršljivih notarskih listin v tujini. Po predstavitvi načel mednarodnega prava bodo podrobno analizirani glavni zakonodajni akti v zvezi z izvrševanjem v evropskem in mednarodnem okviru.
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References
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Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 1329/2014 of 9 December 2014 establishing the Forms referred to in Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession of 9 December 2014, OJ L 359, 16.12.2014.
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Regulation (EC) No. 805/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 creating a European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims, OJ L 143, 30.4.2004.
Regulation (EC) No. 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ L 177, 4.7.2008.
Regulation (EU) No. 2020/1784 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2020 on the service in the Member States of judicial and extrajudicial documents in civil or commercial matters (service of documents) (recast), OJ L 405, 2.12.2020.
Regulation (EU) No. 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, OJ L 351, 20.12.2012.
Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and the acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and creating a European Certificate of Succession, OJ L 201, 27.7.2012.
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Bundesverfassungsbericht, BGH NJW (1986).
Bundesverfassungsbericht, BGH NJW (2008).
Becker-Eberhard, E. (2009) in: Saenger I., Bayer W., Koch E., Körber T. (eds.) Gründen und Stiften: Festschrift zum 70. Geburtstag des Jenaer Gründungsdekans und Stiftungsrechtlers Olaf Werner, (Baden-Baden: Nomos).
Volmer (2016) Auslandsvollstreckung aus notariellen Urkunden, Mitteilungen des Bayerischen Notarvereins, No. 6 (MittBayNot).
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 1329/2014 of 9 December 2014 establishing the Forms referred to in Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession of 9 December 2014, OJ L 359, 16.12.2014.
Council Regulation (EC) No. 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations, OJ L 7, 10.1.2009.
Franzmann T. (2005) Der europäische Vollstreckungstitel für unbestrittene Forderungen – Hinweise für die notarielle Praxis, Mitteilungen des Bayerischen Notarvereins, No. 6 (MittBayNot).
Schmidt, J. (2021) in: Gsell B., Krüger W., Lorenz S., Reymann C. (eds.), Beck-online GROSSKOMMENTAR zum Zivilrect (München: Verlag C.H.BECK).
Lugano Convention of 30 October 2007 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgements in civil and commercial matters, OJ L 339, 21.12.2007.
Official explanatory note to the 2nd amendment to the Compulsory Execution Act Bundestag printed paper 13/341 as of 27 January 1995.
Regulation (EC) No. 1393/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2007 on the service in the Member States of judicial and extrajudicial documents in civil or commercial matters (service of documents) and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No. 1348/2000, OJ L 324, 10.12.2007.
Regulation (EC) No. 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001.
Regulation (EC) No. 805/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 creating a European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims, OJ L 143, 30.4.2004.
Regulation (EC) No. 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ L 177, 4.7.2008.
Regulation (EU) No. 2020/1784 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2020 on the service in the Member States of judicial and extrajudicial documents in civil or commercial matters (service of documents) (recast), OJ L 405, 2.12.2020.
Regulation (EU) No. 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, OJ L 351, 20.12.2012.
Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and the acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and creating a European Certificate of Succession, OJ L 201, 27.7.2012.
Süß, R. in: Heckschen, H., Herrler, S. (2019) Beck'sches Notarhandbuch, 7th ed. (Leinen: Buch) Tolani, in: Kind, J., Meller-Hannich, C. (2021) Gesamtes Recht der Zwangsvollstreckung, 4th ed (Nomos).
Wolfsteiner, H. (2005) Die vollstreckbare Urkunde, Handbuch mit Praxishinweisen und Musterformulierungen, 2nd ed. (München: Verlag C. H. Beck).
Wolfsteiner, H. (2020) in: Münchener Kommentar zum Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch (MüKo-BGB) 6th ed. (München: Verlag C. H. Beck).
Published
2022-06-22
How to Cite
Bormann J. (2022). The German Enforceable Notarial Act in Cross-Border Cases. LeXonomica, 14(1), 49-72. https://doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.14.1.49-72.2022
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Articles