Pravni vidiki upravljanja z avtorskimi pravicami na univerzi

Abstract

Legal Aspects of Copyright Management at University. The article deals with dilemmas regarding legal aspects of copyright management at university. Although the law provides that the holder of copyright in these works is the employer, in practice the copyright ownership does not follow this principle. Currently, none of Slovenian universities exercises the ownership over the works of their professors and researchers (faculty). Faculty authors conclude publishing contracts in their own name and at their own account and autonomously assign the copyright over those works. The paper first discusses the issues of regulation of copyright works in employment relationship in general (not only for copyright works at the university). The current legislation raises questions such as: cessio legis for ten years from the completion of the work, the issue of territoriality of the copyright transfer, the possibility of further transmission of such works and the issue of appropriate compensation for re-transfer of copyright to the employer. Regarding the treatment of copyright works at the university, the key question is what falls within the work obligation of professors and researchers. The author points out that the answer to this question is not easy and that it depends on the interpretation of the various types of legal acts and on judgment of circumstances of each individual case. Any changes to the current arrangements will have to seek a compromise between providing greater legal certainty in terms of clear and precise rules and academic freedom on the one hand, and to create appropriate incentives on the other.

Pravni vidiki upravljanja z avtorskimi pravicami na univerzi. Prispevek obravnava vprašanje upravljanja z avtorskimi pravicami na delih, ki jih ustvarijo visokošolski učitelji in raziskovalci, zaposleni na univerzah. Po zakonu je imetnik materialnih avtorskih pravic na teh delih delodajalec, v praksi pa je temu ravno nasprotno. Trenutno nobena od slovenskih univerz imetništva teh pravic ne uveljavlja, pač pa založniške in druge pogodbe sklepajo kar avtorji v svojem imenu in za svoj račun ter samostojno prenašajo avtorske pravice na teh delih. Prispevek najprej obravnava problematiko pravne ureditve avtorskih del v delovnem razmerju na splošno (ne samo za avtorska dela na univerzi) in pri tem izpostavlja vprašanja, kot so: cessio legis za deset let od dokončanja dela, vprašanje teritorialnosti prenosa, možnosti nadaljnjega prenosa takih avtorskih del in vprašanje primernega nadomestila ob morebitni ponovni zahtevi za izključni prenos. V luči obravnave avtorskih del na univerzi pa je ključno vprašanje, kaj sodi v delovno obveznost visokošolskih učiteljev in raziskovalcev. Avtorica izpostavlja, da odgovor na to vprašanje ni enoznačen in je odvisen od razlage vrste raznih pravnih aktov in presoje okoliščin vsakega konkretnega primera. Morebitne spremembe trenutne ureditve bodo morale biti takšne, da bodo iskale kompromis med zagotavljanjem večje pravne varnosti, v smislu bolj jasne in natančne ureditve na eni strani in akademsko svobodo ter ustreznimi spodbudami za ustvarjanje na drugi strani.