Trajnostni razvoj podeželja – kmetijska perspektiva EU
Povzetek
Podeželska območja so po svetu raznolika, toda paradigma trajnostnega razvoja in izboljšanja razvoja podeželja je postala vprašanje, ki zaseda večino svetovnih vlad. Globalni cilj je povsod enak: izboljšati dobrobit podeželskih ljudi v najširšem možnem smislu, toda strategije so različne in odvisne od mnogih različnih dejavnikov in sektorjev. Skozi zgodovino je kmetijstvo vedno igralo prevladujočo vlogo v razvoju podeželskih območij, toda danes je njegov pomen v mnogih državah predmet razprave. Skupna kmetijska politika (SKP) EU se je premaknila od podpiranja kmetijske proizvodnje k neposrednemu podpiranju dohodka proizvajalcev z namenom trajnostnega kmetijstva. Vprašanja, kot so okoljska trajnost, življenjska sposobnost podeželskih gospodarstev, kakovost hrane in standardi zdravja in dobrobiti živali, so postala bolj izpostavljena. V tem dokumentu poskušamo pregledati nekaj ključnih mejnikov in datumov SKP ter pojasniti novo vlogo za kmetijstvo na podeželskih območjih skozi koncept multifunkcionalnega kmetijstva. Multifunkcionalnost se zato zagovarja kot model za posodobitev postmodernega kmetijstva z novimi družbenimi zahtevami. Poudarja, da poleg proizvodnje hrane in vlaken kmetijstvo proizvaja tudi široko paleto dobrin in storitev, ki niso na trgu, oblikuje okolje, vpliva na socialne in kulturne sisteme ter prispeva k gospodarski rasti. Čeprav je koncept precej preprost, je njegovo preoblikovanje v politike kljub temu sporno (Dobbs in Pretty, 2004). Zato je potreba po nadaljnjem teoretičnem in empiričnem raziskovalnem podporu za dekonstrukcijo koncepta multifunkcionalnosti ključnega pomena za trajnostno kmetijstvo in razvoj podeželja v bližnji prihodnosti.
Prenosi
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