The Impact of Behavioral Symptoms of Burnout on Work Engagement of Older Employees: The Case of Slovenian Companies
Abstract
The main objective of the paper is to determine the impact of behavioral symptoms of burnout of older employees on their work engagement in large- and medium- sized companies in Slovenia. The research is based on the implementation of a factor analysis by which we wanted to reduce the large number of variables into a smaller number of factors. With those factors, we performed a simple linear regression. Based on the results, we confirmed the hypothesis that behavioral symptoms of burnout of older employees have a statistically significant negative impact on their work engagement. Well-being of employees of varying ages in the workplace is key for long-term effectiveness of companies. From this point of view, companies should apply appropriate measures to reduce burnout as well as to contribute to employees’ well-being and better workplace performance, which is reflected in work engagement of employees.
Downloads
References
Ahola, K., Honkonen, T., Isometsa, E., Kalimo, R., Nykyri, E., & Koskinen, S. (2006). Burnout in the general population: results from the
Finnish health 2000 study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-005-0011-5
Babyar, J. C. (2017). They did not start the fire: reviewing and resolving the issue of physician stress and burnout. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 31(4), 410-417. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-11-2016-0212
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209-223 https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430810870476
Bastič, M. (2006). Metode raziskovanja [Research methodology]. Maribor: Ekonomsko-poslovna fakulteta.
Bilban, M., Pšeničny, A. (2007). Izgorelost [Burnout]. Delo in varnost, (1), 22-30.
Brown, S. K. (2005). Attitudes of individuals 50 and older toward phased retirement. Public Policy Institute, Knowledge Management. Washington: AARP.
Bunderson, J. S., Thompson, J. A. (2009). The call of the wild: zookeepers, callings, and the double-edged sword of deeply meaningful work. Administrative Science Quarterly, 54(1), 32-57. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2009.54.1.32
Chen, Y., Ferris, D. L., Kwan, H. K., Yan, M., Zhou, M., Hong, Y. (2013). Self-love’s lost labor: a self-enhancement model of workplace incivility. Academy of Management Journal, 56, 1199-1219. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0906
Cheung, F., & Wu, A. M. S. (2013). Older workers’ successful aging and intention to stay. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 28(6), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPM-09-2011-0062
Chronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16, 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
Churchill, G. A., & Brown, T. J. (2004). Basic marketing research, 5th Edition. Ohio: Mason, Thomson.
Costello, A. M., & Osborne, J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 10(7), 1-9.
Fan, D., Cui, L., Zhang, M. M., Zhu, C. J., Hartel, C. E. J., & Nyland, C. (2014). Influence of high performance work systems on employee subjective well-being and job burnout: empirical evidence from the Chinese healthcare sector. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(7), 931-950. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2014.876740
Gruman, J. A., & Saks, A. M. (2011). Performance management and employee engagement. Human Resource Management Review, 21(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.09.004
Harter J., & Adkins, A. (2015). Engaged employees less likely to have health problems. Retrieved from http://www.gallup.com/poll/187865/engaged-employees-less-likely-health-problems.aspx?g_source=EMPLOYEE_ENGAGEMENT&g_medium=topic&g_campaign=tiles Accessed 12.9.2017
Haynes, N. S., & Love, P. E. D. (2004). Psychological adjustment and coping among construction project managers. Construction Management and Economics, 22(2), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144619042000201330
Henkens, K., & Leenders, M. (2010). Burnout and older workers’ intentions to retire. International Journal of Manpower, 31(3), 306-321. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721011050594
Hogarth, M. (2017). Avoiding burnout. Advances in Library Administration and Organization, 37, 71 – 98 https://doi.org/10.1108/S0732-067120170000037005
Hornsby, J. S., & Kuratko, D. F. (2003), Human resource management in U.S. Small businesses: A replication and extension. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 8(1), pp. 73-92.
Jugdev, K., Mathur, G., & Cook, C. (2018). Linking workplace burnout theories to the project management discipline. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 11(1), 198-221. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-02-2017-0020
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Korman, R. (2010). Pressure, layoffs and long hours generate post traumatic construction disorder. Engineering News Record, 26(8), 24-28
Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2016). Latent burnout profiles: a new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Burnout Research, 3(4), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2016.09.001
Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). The meaning of employee engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1(1), 3-30. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2002). Resnica o izgorevanju na delovnem mestu. Kako organizacije povzročajo osebni stres in kako ga preprečiti [The truth about burnout in the workplace. How organizations cause personal stress and how to prevent it]. Ljubljana: Educy.
Maslach, C., Leiter, M. P., & Jackson, S. E. (2012). Making a significant difference with burnout interventions: researcher and practitioner collaboration. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(2), 296-300 https://doi.org/10.1002/job.784
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397-422. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397
Morgeson, F. P., & Humphrey, S. E. (2006). The Work Design Questionnaire: developing and validating a comprehensive measure for assessing job design and the nature of work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(6), 1321-1339. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.6.1321
Mosadeghrad, A. M. (2014). Occupational stress and its consequences: Implications for health policy and management. Leadership in Health Services, 27(3), 224-239. https://doi.org/10.1108/LHS-07-2013-0032
Moyer, F., Aziz, S., & Wuensch, K. (2017). From workaholism to burnout: psychological capital as a mediator. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 10(3), 213-227. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-10-2016-0074
Newell, H., & Scarbrough H. (2002), Human resource management in context: A case study approach. Palgrave, New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-91364-0
Packirisamy, P., Meenakshy, M., & Jagannathan, S. (2017). Burnout during early career: lived experiences of the knowledge workers in India. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 30(1), 96-121. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-01-2016-0041
Pitt-Catsouphes, M., & Matz-Costa, C. (2008). The multi-generational workforce: workplace flexibility and engagement. Community, Work & Family, 11(2), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668800802021906
Robertson, I. T., & Cooper, C. L. (2010). Full engagement: the integration of employee engagement and psychological well-being. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 31(4), 324-336. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731011043348
Rožman, M., Treven, S., & Čančer, V. (2018). Symptoms of burnout in the workplace: Comparison between the older and younger employees in Slovenian companies. Economy, Finance and Business in Southeastern and Central Europe, 291-305.
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600-19. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2003). Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Retrieved from: https://www.wilmarschaufeli.nl/publications/Schaufeli/Test%20Manuals/Test_manual_UWES_English.pdf
Tatalović Vorkapić, S., & Mustapić, J. (2012). Internal and external factors in professional burnout of substance abuse counsellors in Croatia. Ann Ist Super Sanità, 48(2), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.4415/ANN_12_02_12
Upadyaya, K., Vartiainen, M., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2016). From job demands and resources to work engagement, burnout, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and occupational health. Burnout research, 3(4), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2016.10.001
Wagner, R., & Harter, J. K. (2006). 12: The Elements of Great Managing. New York: Gallup Press.
Wang, M., & Shultz, K. S. (2010). Employee retirement: A review and recommendations for future investigation. Journal of Management, 36(1), 172-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309347957
Xu, J., Thomas, & H. C. (2011). How can leaders achieve high employee engagement? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 32(4), 399-416. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731111134661
Zaniboni, S., Truxillo, D. M., Fraccaroli, F., McCune, E. A., & Bertolino, M. (2014). Who benefits from