The Effects of Consumers’ Buying Behavior on the E-commerce in Highly Developed Emerging Market and Developed Market: The Case of Singapore and Austria
Abstract
The e-commerce is becoming increasingly essential and principally relevant in the modern world, especially in the current pandemic. Due to the increased use of the Internet, the growth of e-commerce has escalated. This research focuses on the e-commerce environments of Singaporean and Austrian markets. It contains an outline touching on the theoretical parts and the conduct of an empirical study where the survey results from 206 participants were studied, analysed, and compared. The statistical methods chosen for this research were the t-test analysis and the correlation analysis. The empirical study served as a quantitative discussion on both countries' e-commerce markets. The analysis of the completed questionnaires provided a better and clear understanding of the buying behaviours and their potential impact on the e-commerce markets in Singapore and Austria. Considering the results from the comparisons, the research has also highlighted some interesting findings and differences in the buying behaviours of Singaporean and Austrian shoppers.
Downloads
References
Charlton, G. (2012). Ecommerce consumer reviews: why you need them and how to use them. Retrieved from: https://econsultancy.com/ecommerce-consumer-reviews-why-you-need-them-and-how-to-use-them/
Columbus, L. (2020, April). How COVID-19 Is Transforming E-Commerce. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolum-bus/2020/04/28/how-covid-19-is-transforming-e-commerce/#27746f103544
Converse, J M., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. United States of America: Sage Publications.
Dai, Y (N)., Viken G., Joo Es., & Bente G. (2018). Risk assessment in e-commerce: How sellers' photos, reputation scores, and the stake of a transaction influence buyers' purchase behavior and information processing. Computers in Human Behavior, 84, 342-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.038
Dinu, G., Dinu, L. (2014). Using the Internet as a Commercial Tool: A Case Study of E-Commerce in Resita. Procedia Engineering, 469-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.03.014
eMarketer. (2008) Online Reviews Sway Shoppers. Consumers look for peer opinions. Retrieved from: https://www.emarketer.com/Article/Online-Reviews-Sway-Shoppers/1006404
Ezspss. (n.d.) Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Interpretation in SPSS. Retrieved from: https://ezspss.com/pearson-correlation-coefficient-and-interpretation-in-spss/
Gefen, D., & Straub, D W. (2004). Consumer trust in B2C e-Commerce and the importance of social presence: experiments in e-Products and e-Services. Omega, 32(6), 407-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2004.01.006
Guo, M., Liao, X., Liu, J., & Zhang, Q. (2019). Consumer preference analysis: A data-driven multiple criteria approach integrating online information. Omega, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2019.05.010
Gupta, G. K. (2006). Computer Literacy: Essential in Today’s Computer-Centric World. ACM SIGCSE Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1145/1138403.1138446
Hydrocephalus Association. (n.d.). Research 101: The Importance of Sample Size. Retrieved from: https://www.hydroassoc.org/research-101-the-importance-of-sample-size/
Karlsson, C. (2016). Research methods for operations management, 2nd Ed. Abingdon and New York: Routledge.
Kaushik, K., Mishra, R., Rana, N P., & Dwivedi, Y K. (2018). Exploring reviews and review sequences on e-commerce platform: A study of helpful reviews Amazon. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 45, 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.08.002
Kerick, F. (2019). The Growth of eCommerce. Retrieved from: https://medium.com/swlh/the-growth-of-ecommerce-2220cf2851f3
Lee, Jy., Lee Y., & Lee Y-J. (2012). Do customization programs of e-commerce companies lead to a better relationship with consumers? Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 11(3), 262-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2011.10.004
Leung, S. O. (2011, July). A Comparison of Psychometric Properties and Normality in 4-. 5-,6-, and 11- Point Likert Scales. Journal of Social Service Research, 37(4), 412-421. doi: 10.1080/01488376.2011.580697
Loo, L. S., & Sze, M. K. (2002) Singapore’s Internet shoppers and their impact on traditional shopping patterns. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 9(2), 115-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-6989(01)00029-7
Moore, K. (n.d.). Ecommerce 101 + The History of Online Shopping: What the Past Says About Tomorrow’s Retail Challenges. Retrieved from: https://www.bigcommerce.com/blog/ecommerce/#ecommerce-timeline
Nisar, T M., & Prabhakar, G. (2017). What factors determine e-satisfaction and consumer spending in e-commerce retailing? Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 39, 135-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.07.010
OECD. (n.d.). Implications of E-commerce for Competition Policy. Retrieved from: https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/e-commerce-im-plications-for-competition-policy.htm
Pierson, F. (2018). Why Becoming Tech Savvy is Good for You. Retrieved from: https://it.toolbox.com/blogs/finneganpierson/why-becom-ing-tech-savvy-is-good-for-you-011018
Raja P., & Nagasubramani P. C. (2018). Impact of modern technology in education. Journal of Applied and Advanced Research, 33-35, https://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3S1.165
Rao, A. (2020). Tech Upskilling - The why and how. Retrieved from: https://www.peoplemattersglobal.com/article/hr-technology/tech-upskilling-the-why-and-how-24899
Reichheld, F. F., & Schefter, P. (2000). E-Loyalty: Your Secret Weapon on the Web. Retrieved from: https://hbr.org/2000/07/e-loyalty-your-secret-weapon-on-the-web
Sachdev, S. B., & Verma, H. V. (2004, January). Relative importance of service quality dimensions: A multisectoral study. Journal of Service Research, 4(1), 93-116.
Singh, S., & Sinha, P. (2013) Consumer Buying Behaviour and E-Commerce – An Indian Perspective. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 1(2), 250-254. DOI: 10.12720/joams.1.2.250-254
Statista. (2020). Retail e-commerce sales worldwide from 2014 to 2023. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/379046/worldwide-retail-e-commerce-sales/
Statista. (n.d.). E-commerce Singapore. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/outlook/243/124/ecommerce/singapore
Taken Smith, K. (2009). Worldwide Growth of E-Commerce. DOI: 10.1201/9781439809426-c
Tanir, B. (2018). Pricing Strategy: The Ultimate Guide to E-commerce Pricing. Retrieved from: https://prisync.com/blog/ultimate-ecommerce-pricing-strategies/
Teo, S.H.T., & Liu, J. (2005). Consumer trust in eCommerce in the United States, Singapore and China. Omega, 35, 22-38. DOI:10.1016/j. omega.2005.02.001
The Open University. (n.d.). Social marketing. Retrieved from: https://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-business/business-strategy-studies/social-marketing/content-section-3.2
UK Essays. (2018). Trust and Its Importance in E-Commerce Marketing Essay. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/trust-and-its-importance-in-e-commerce-marketing-essay.php?vref=1
Urne, A. C. (2020). Impact of E-Commerce on Consumer Buying Behaviour: A Review of Existing Literature. Conference: SaiBalaji Inter- national Journal of Management Science - A journal for Contemporary Research, Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343290488_IMPACT_OF_ECOMMERCE_ON_CONSUMER_BUYING_BEHAVIOUR_A_REVIEW_OF_EXISTING_LITERATURE
Voinea, L., & Filip, A. (2011). Analyzing the Main Changes in New Consumer Buying Behavior during Economic Crisis. International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories, 1(1), 14-19.
Wagner, G., Schramm-Klein, H., & Steinmann, S. (2018). Online retailing across e-channels and e-channel touchpoints: Empirical studies of consumer behavior in the multichannel e-commerce environment. Journal of Business Research, 107, 256-270. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.048
Wertz, J. (2017). Exceptional Customer Service is Key to E-Commerce Growth. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jiawertz/2017/08/18/exceptional-customer-service-is-key-to-e-commerce-growth/#4f88b7053dc6
Wonderflow. (2019). Why is e-commerce winning against retail? Retrieved from: https://www.wonderflow.co/blog/why-is-e-commerce-winning-against-retail
Your Dictionary (n.d.). Positive Correlation Examples in Real Life. Retrieved from: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/positive-correlation-examples.html
