Medicine, Law & Society

Abortion From Countries A to U: A Comparative Analysis of Abortion Laws and Attitudes in America and Uzbekistan

Thomas Allan Heller — 2024-04-21

This paper compares and analyses abortion laws in the United States, one of the world’s oldest democracies, to those in Uzbekistan, an ancient middle Asian country that gained its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. The authors examine both the United States and Uzbekistan constitutions and other laws regulating abortion and other reproductive rights. Regarding the United States, it tracks key abortion decisions from the Supreme Court. The authors also explore general attitudes about abortion and reproductive rights in both countries.

Treatment of Occupational Health Risks in Criminal Prosecution of Abuse of Prostitution in Slovenia

Neža Kogovšek Šalamon — 2024-04-21

The paper explores how occupational and health rights of sex workers are dealt with by courts in criminal proceedings related to the crime of abuse of prostitution under Article 175 of the Slovenian Criminal Code. The authors find that judicial decisions on the crime of abuse of prostitution invariably include considerations regarding occupational health risks, access to health care, and the health rights of sex workers. The paper builds upon the authors’ previous research publications, where they established that in Slovenia, while the restrictive approach to dealing with prostitution prevails, elements of both repressive and integrative approaches are present. Stressing the health rights of sex workers constitutes an integrative approach to prostitution.

Reproductive Rights: A Comparative Analysis of Abortion Regulations and the Case of Reform in the Republic of Benin

Romeo Konnon — 2024-04-21

Induced abortion remains controversial due to traditional, moral, political, and religious reasons. Although the common opinion about the illegality of abortion is indicated in medical conditions, its regulation varies widely according to the country. Abortion is available to women on request in many countries, while in others, there is restriction or prohibition altogether. In the contest when some countries end the nationwide right to abortion, the Republic of Benin in 2020 broadened the social grounds, allowing abortion up to 12 weeks of gestational age. This paper aims to overview abortion legislation in selected countries and to compare them to the reform in the Republic of Benin, which became one of the several African countries broadly permitting abortion within 12 weeks of amenorrhea.

The Right to Privacy and Data Protection in European Healthcare Systems With an Emphasis on the Relevant Case Law And European Legislation

Ema Turnšek — 2024-04-21

Are personal data and information, which we trust entirely to healthcare systems, sufficiently protected? The article deals with the crossroads of law and medicine, specifically at the point where the right to data protection of a patient is being breached or insufficiently protected by law. In this regard, we have to first learn what is the actual scope of person’s right to (medical) data protection and second, understand when is that breached. The article analyses the origin of data protection and its historical development to find its core meaning. Further, it seeks the limits of data protection’s scope with the content of other related rights. With a comprehensive overview of European case law, the article exposes some serious violations of individual’s right to (medical) data protection.

Mental Health Challenges In the Educational Landscape of Serbia: Exploring Academic and Legal Perspectives

Milena Škobo — 2024-04-21

This research paper investigates the mental health challenges faced by teachers in Serbia, emphasizing both educational and legal perspectives in the post-pandemic and AI-driven era. Recognizing teachers as vital contributors to human capital and societal progress, the study aims to shed light on the pressing concerns impacting their well-being. By exploring evidence-based practices, the research seeks to contribute to policy recommendations that foster a supportive work environment, acknowledging the integral role of teacher mental health in shaping a successful education system and positively influencing student well-being as they enter theworkforce.

Legal Difficulties Associated With the Use of Big Data in Healthcare: Civil Law and Cyberlaw Review

Diyora Imamalieva — 2024-04-21

Current trends suggest a future in which big data can be used to predict individual health risks and outcomes with exceptional accuracy. By analyzing large datasets that include various health indicators, algorithms can predict the onset of disease, allowing for early intervention and personalized treatment plans. However, the legal and ethical implications of predictive health analytics, such as potential misuse of predictive information or unfair discrimination based on health risks, require careful consideration. In terms of global health surveillance, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the potential of big data to track the spread of disease and inform public health responses.

Digital Transformation of Health: Towards the European Health Data Space

Maja Proso — 2024-04-21

The European space for health data (EHDS) is the first European proposal for the arrangement of a specific area common to the entire EU. The main goals are enabling citizens to control and use their own health data, nationally and throughout the EU (primary use of health data), cross-border exchange of health data and building a single market for digital health services. A further goal is to create an effective legal framework for the use of health data for research and innovation purposes (secondary use of health data), as well as the establishment of electronic health records and the development of a health data management system. In the paper author presents the concept of health data privacy in digital age and analyses the current health data protection legal framework. The paper examines the provisions of the EHDS Proposal, critically analyising the proposed terms of primary and secondary use of health data, as well as it's rules on data portability and interoperability.

Legal Framework of Medical Service in the City of Osijek During the First Half of the 19th Century

Slavko Čandrlić — 2024-04-21

The aim of this research work is to gain insight into how the medical service was legally regulated in the city of Osijek, the main Slavonian center to which a large number of people immigrated after the Great Turkish War, and which consequently spread the fear of the appearance of new infections in that area. At the same time, special attention was paid to medical regulations after the city of Osijek received the status of a Free Royal City in 1809. Despite the jurisdiction of the Royal Hungarian – Protectoral Council and the Royal Hungarian Court Chamber, the Liberation Charter enabled the city of Osijek to establish its own self-governing bodies. Thus, along with the City Council and its representatives, a lesser- known physical department was founded, which was headed by a physicist. In particular, it was a physician with the highest level of responsibility, who had the authority to protect the public health of the population of the Free Royal City of Osijek.